U Rwanda rwashyize ahagaragara gahunda nshya yo Kurengera ibinyabuzima no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza kubungabunga umutungo kamere no guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA) cyashyize ahagaragara gahunda nshya y’Igihugu igamije kurengera ibinyabuzima, gusana urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rwangiritse no gukoresha neza umutungo kamere mu guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage.
Iyi gahunda yiswe National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) 2025–2030, yamuritswe ku wa 3 Kamena 2026 i Kigali mu gihe cy’Icyumweru cyahariwe Ibidukikije.
Igaragaza intego 22 zigomba kugerwaho mbere y’umwaka wa 2030, kandi ishingiye ku murongo mpuzamahanga wa Kunming-Montréal Global Biodiversity Framework, wemerejwe mu nama mpuzamahanga yabaye mu mwaka wa 2022.
Mu myaka ishize, urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu Rwanda rwakomeje guhura n’imbogamizi zirimo ubwiyongere bw’abaturage, ihindagurika ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, umwanda, ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabuzima by’amahanga byangiza ibindi ndetse n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Abashinzwe ibidukikije bavuga ko hatagize igikorwa hakiri kare, izi ngaruka zishobora guteza ibyangiritse bikomeye kandi bigoye gusubiranywa.
Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije wa REMA, Faustin Munyazikwiye, yavuze ko nk’igihugu cyashyize umukono ku masezerano mpuzamahanga yerekeye kurengera ibinyabuzima, u Rwanda rugomba kugaragaza gahunda ifatika yerekana uburyo ruzacunga neza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu myaka itanu iri imbere.
Yasobanuye ko iyi gahunda isesengura uko ibinyabuzima bihagaze muri iki gihe, igaragaza ibibazo bihari ndetse n’ingamba zizafasha kubirinda no kongera kubisubizamo ubuzima, hubakiwe ku byagezweho mu kubungabunga amashyamba, inyamaswa zo mu gasozi n’ibindi binyabuzima bitandukanye.
Nubwo u Rwanda ari igihugu gifite ubuso buto ugereranyije n’ibindi bihugu byinshi, rufite umutungo kamere ukungahaye cyane. Rurimo amoko menshi y’inyamaswa z’inyamabere, inyoni, ibikururanda, ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi n’ibimera bitandukanye.
Pariki z’Igihugu zirimo Volcanoes National Park(Pariki y’igihugu y’ibirunga), Nyungwe National Park na Akagera National Park zimaze kuba ikimenyetso cy’uburyo ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ibidukikije bishobora kugirira akamaro igihugu, zikurura ba mukerarugendo baturutse hirya no hino ku isi ndetse zininjiriza igihugu amafaranga menshi.
Icyakora, gahunda nshya igaragaza ko ibishanga n’amasoko y’amazi bikomeje guhura n’igitutu gikomeye gituruka ku bikorwa bya muntu n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Hari kandi ahantu henshi hafite akamaro gakomeye ku binyabuzima ariko hakaba hatarashyirwaho uburyo bwihariye bwo kuburinda.
Kimwe mu byo iyi gahunda igamije ni uko nibura 30% by’ubutaka n’urusobe rw’amazi meza byo mu Rwanda bizaba birinzwe by’umwihariko mu mwaka wa 2030, ndetse na 30% by’ahantu hangiritse hakaba hasubizwamo ubuzima.
Kugera kuri iyo ntego bizasaba kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha ubutaka, kubungabunga amashyamba n’ibishanga, kugenzura ibinyabuzima byangiza ibindi no kongera uruhare rw’abaturage mu bikorwa byo kurengera ibidukikije.
Ndetse n’imijyi izashyirwamo ibikorwa by’iterambere bibungabunga ibidukikije, birimo kongera ubuso buteyeho ibiti n’ahandi hantu h’icyatsi.
Iyi gahunda ishimangira ko kubungabunga ibidukikije bitandukanye no kudindiza iterambere, ahubwo ko bishobora kuba imwe mu nkingi zikomeye z’ubukungu. Ibikorwa birimo gusubiranya amashyamba yangiritse, gutera ibiti, gukurikirana imiterere y’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, guteza imbere ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku mutungo kamere ndetse n’imishinga yo kubungabunga ibidukikije ishingiye ku baturage, biteganyijwe ko bizatanga imirimo mishya cyane cyane ku rubyiruko n’abagore.
Abikorera na bo barasabwa kumenya uruhare umutungo kamere ugira mu bikorwa byabo, kugabanya ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije no gutanga umusanzu mu bikorwa byo kubibungabunga.
Gushyira mu bikorwa iyi gahunda bizasaba amafaranga menshi. Biteganyijwe ko hazakenerwa hafi miliyoni 355 z’amadolari ya Amerika. Aya mafaranga azaturuka mu ngengo y’imari ya Leta, inkunga z’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, amafaranga agenewe ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ibidukikije ndetse n’ishoramari ry’abikorera.
Hari kandi gahunda yo gushyiraho ikigega cyihariye cy’imari kigamije gufasha mu gushaka no guhuza ayo mafaranga kugira ngo ibikorwa byose biteganyijwe bishobore gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
Nubwo REMA ari yo izaba ifite inshingano zo guhuza ibikorwa byose, iyi gahunda igaragaza ko kubungabunga ibinyabuzima bidashoboka hatabayeho uruhare rwa buri wese.
Minisiteri zitandukanye, inzego z’ibanze, abikorera, abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga ndetse n’abaturage batuye hafi y’ahantu hakungahaye ku binyabuzima bose basabwa kugira uruhare mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iyi gahunda.
Iyi gahunda si inyandiko y’amabwiriza gusa, ahubwo ni isezerano ry’u Rwanda ryo gukomeza kubaka ejo hazaza harambye, aho amashyamba, ibishanga, inyamaswa n’ibindi binyabuzima bifatwa nk’umusingi w’iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage, aho kubifatwa nk’imbogamizi ku iterambere.
