Mu myaka 31 ishize u Rwanda rwibohoye rumaze guhindura byinshi mu kubungabunga ibidukikije
Raporo yo mu mwaka w’1996 nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, igaragaza ko u Rwanda rwari rwaratakaje amashyamba yarwo ku kigero cya 65%, bitewe n’isuri,kuyasarura mu kajagari,gukoresha nabi ubutaka n’ibindi bitandukanye byatumye ingaruka zabyo zigera ku biti,ubutaka,urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima n’ibindi bibishamikiyeho.
Gutera amashyamba ku gice kingana na 30% ku buso bwose bw’igihugu ni zimwe mu nganba zafashwe mu guhangana n’iki kibazo. Ni unuhigo weshejwe muri 2019 ahanini binyuze mu bikorwa by’umuganda.
Abaturage batandukanye bafatanyije n’imishinga ikora mu buryo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije, basanga ibiti biterwa ku nkengero z’imihanda,imigezi n’ibiyaga ndetse n’ibivangwa n’imyaka,byaragize uruhare rukomeye mu kuziba iki cyuho.
Umwe yagize ati:”Hari ibititwagiye dutera ku nkengero z’imisozi ihanamye,byagize uruhare rukomeye mu kurwanya isuri, hari Kandi ibyo dutera mu myaka twateye nabyo birwanya isuri ,bikarinda umuyaga navuga nka Kariyandara,gereveriya n’ibindi usanga binasubira inyuma bikifashishwa mu kunagura umurima waburaga ifumbire kubera isuri.”
Mu biti Kandi aba bagaragaza ko byagize akamaro gakomeye haba mu kongera umusaruro ukomoka ku biribwa harimo ibiti by’imbuto byagiye biterwa mu mirima y’abaturage nka Avoka n’ibindi.
Muri iyi myaka 31 ishize u Rwanda rwibohoye, rwafashe n’ingamba zo guca amashashi na parasitike bikoresha inshuti imwe, ubu rukaba rufite ahantu harenga 30 bikusanyirizwa, hakaba n’inganda zirenga 14 zibinagura bikabyazwamo ibindi bikoresho biramba.
Eng Rubonezangabo Telesphore ukora muri rumwe muri izo nganda, asobanura ko ubu amashashi yahindutse isoko y’akazi n’amafaranga
Ati:”Amashashi ni business ubungubu, nk’uko umuntu abyuka akajya mu murima w’icyayi, byakabaye byiza hari n’ubyutse ajya guhiga icyitwa parasitike hafi yaho atuye kuko namara kubyegeranya akabituzanira,agatahana amafaranga mu rugo, ubuzima bukomeza kugenda neza.”
Muri iyi myaka 31 ishize,u Rwanda rumaze gutunganya ibushanga 12 birimo icy’urugezi cyari cyarangiritse.
Umunyamabanga uhoraho muri Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije Cyiza Beatrice avuga ko isanywa ryabyo, byazaniye inyungu nyinshi igihugu n’abaturiye ikibgishanga.”
Ati:” Urugezi rwari rwarakanye ubona ko rutagifite ubuzima, ariko Kuva twashyira ibushanga mu butaka bufite akamaro ku mwihariko,byatumye iki gishanga kubungabunga ariko n’akamaro kabyo kugaragara kuko umuriro wari warabuze,ariko kubera ko iki gishanga cyabungabunzwe,haje amazi atuma ingomero (barage) zikora n’umuriro uraboneka.
Akamaro k’inishanga tukagahuza n’ibishanga bisanzwe,biragaragara y’uko mu gihe ibushanga bitabungabunzwe hari ingaruka zigenda zibaho zirimo imyuzure,kubura umuriro n’izindi n’izindi.”
Hari imishinga nyinshi yo kubungabunga ibidukikije no guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe leta y’u Rwanda iri gushyira mu bikorwa, hari n’indi iteganyijwe mu cyerekezo cya 2050,hagamijwe gukomeza gushimangira intambwe y’iterambere ridahagarara u Rwanda rwatangiye mu nyungu z’Abanyarwand.
Cyiza Beatrice yakomeje ati”Hari imishinga itandukanye dufite ariko Wenda nk’umwe navuga ni umushinga dufite wo kubungabunga ibidukikije no kurinda Ibiza mu bice by’Amajyaruguru mu gice cy’umuhira wa Vunga,witwa Volcanoes Community Resilience Project(VCRP),ni umushinga uzaza kugira ngo wubakire ubudahangarwa abaturage bo muri biriya nice kuri uriya muhora wose wa Vunga ndetse no gufata amazi aturuka mu birunga Kandi harimo n’iki give cyo kubakira abantu mu buryo burambye tukagira imiturire ijyanye n’igihe.”
Ati:” Hari n’undi mushinga twatangiye nawo uzubaka ubudahangarwa mu bice bikikije isunzu rya Congo Nile,kiriya gice cyose ,mu mirenge n’uturere aho hazaba harimo imirimo yo kuhatera ibiti ku nkengero no gutera ibivangwa n’imyaka,guca amaterasi,mbese hazaba harimo gushyiraho ubuhinzi buhangana n’imihindagirkire y’ibihe,iyo yose ni mishinga iriho kugira ngo hubakwe ubudahangarwa.”
Mu bindi byagezweho harimo kuba Perike y’igihugu ya Nyungwe yarashyizwe mu murage wa UNESCO,iryari ishyamba rya Gishwati ubu ryabaye Perike ya Gishwati-Mukura, yiyongera ku zindi Parike igihugu gifite zimo Perike y’igihugu y’ibirunga,Parike y’igihugu y’Akagera n’izindi ubu hakaba hategerejwe Parike y’igihugu nshya y’ibirwa iteganywa gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
Intego ni uko muri 2030,u Rwanda tuzaba rwaragababyije hafi 38% by’imyuka yanduye rwoherezs mu kirere ,mu gihe muri 2050 nta nabike tuzaba rucyoherezamo.U Rwanda Kandi rwiyemeje guhagarika buri kimwe cyose gihungabanya ibidukikije,bikajyana no kubakira abaturage ubushobozi muri uru rwego,gukora ishoramari ryagutse mu bijyanye n’ingufu zitangiza mu kugabanya ibikoresho by’ibicabywa bikomoka ku bidukikije,kwirinda itemwa ry’amashyamba rya hato na gato, n’ibindi.
Abaturage bagenda bagaragaza ko bamaze kunguka imyumvire ku bijyanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mashyamba no mu mazi,bihabanye n’uko byari bimeze mbere y’iyi myaka 31 ishize u Rwanda rwibohoye.