APPE yagaragarije abahinzi inyungu zo guhinga babungabunga ibidukikije
Abahinzi n’abikorera mu by’ubuhinzi mu gice cy’amakoro, by’umwihariko mu turere twa Musanze na Nyabihu, bagaragarijwe inyungu zo gukora ubuhinzi bubungabunga ibidukikije, bushingiye ku gusigasira no kongera ubuzima bw’ubutaka bahingaho, hagamijwe umusaruro urambye n’imibereho myiza y’abahinzi.
Ibi byagarutsweho mu nama y’ubukangurambaga no guhugurana yateguwe n’Umuryango Appui au Paysant Vulnérable pour la Protection de l’Environnement (APPE), umuryango wibumbiye mu ihuriro ry’imiryango y’abahinzi bato Eastern and Southern African Small-Scale Farmers Forum (ESAFF).
Abitabiriye iyi nama ahanini bari abahinzi bato bahinga ku buso buto, bakora ubuhinzi bw’ibireti, ibirayi, ibigori, ibishyimbo n’ibindi bihingwa bitandukanye. Abahinzi bahuguwe bagaragaje ko aya mahugurwa yabafashije gusobanukirwa amakosa bakoraga mu buhinzi bwabo, by’umwihariko ayagiraga ingaruka ku butaka, ku bidukikije no ku musaruro muke uterwa n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe.
Bavuze ko ubumenyi bahawe buzabafasha guhindura imikorere, bagashyira imbere ubuhinzi bubungabunga ubutaka kandi bwita ku buzima bw’ababukora n’abarya umusaruro wabwo.
Nzabarinda Isaac, umuhinzi akaba n’umutubuzi w’imbuto y’ibirayi wo mu Murenge wa Kinigi mu Karere ka Musanze, yavuze ko ubuhinzi bukozwe nabi bushobora kuba intandaro y’iyangirika ry’ubutaka n’ibidukikije, bikanagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umuhinzi n’umuguzi.
Ati: “Iyo ubuhinzi bukozwe hadatekerejwe ku ngaruka zabwo, bushobora kwangiza ubutaka ku buryo butongera gutanga umusaruro uhagije, ndetse n’ubuzima bw’umuhinzi n’abarya ibisarurwa bukajyamo igihombo.”
Yagaragaje ko ikoreshwa rikabije ry’ifumbire mva ruganda n’imiti yica udukoko ridafite igenzura rihagije rishobora kwica ibinyabuzima byo mu butaka, bigatuma butakaza umwimerere wabwo, amatungo akarwara binyuze mu bwatsi yabiriyeho, ndetse n’abantu bakibasirwa n’indwara zikomeye zirimo kanseri bitewe n’ibiribwa byanduye.
Ati: “Hari aho usanga ifumbire n’imiti bikoreshwa nabi kandi mu gihe gito, bigatuma ubutaka bupfa, amatungo akarwara, natwe ubwacu tukagira ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye bitewe n’ibiribwa tuba turya.”
Yakomeje ashimangira ko abahinzi bakwiye guhindura imyumvire, bakiga gusimburanya ibihingwa mu mirima, gukoresha ifumbire ikomoka ku mborera iteguye neza (ihoze), no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’imiti yangiza ibidukikije.
Ati: “Iyo dukoresheje imborera iteguye neza kandi tukamenya gusimburanya ibihingwa, tubona umusaruro mwiza, wujuje ubuziranenge kandi uramba, ku buryo ushobora no kongera gukoreshwa mu gutegura imbuto z’igihe kizaza.”
Mpiranya Oscar, umuhuzabikorwa w’abahinzi bato mu Rwanda muri APPE, yasobanuye ko intego nyamukuru z’uyu muryango zirimo gufasha abahinzi kubona amakuru agezweho ku gihe, kubakorera ubuvugizi mu nzego z’ibanze n’iz’igihugu, no kubahuza n’izindi serivisi zibafasha kunoza umusaruro n’imibereho yabo.
Ati: “Iki gikorwa twagikoze hagamijwe ubukangurambaga bwo kubungabunga ubutaka no guhangana n’ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ibihe, dukorana n’inzego z’ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Musanze n’amakoperative atandukanye y’abahinzi.”
Yongeyeho ko hibanzwe cyane ku bahinga ibireti binyuze mu ihuriro RPCU (Rwanda Pyrethrum Cooperative Union) rigizwe n’amakoperative umunani, buri imwe ikagira abanyamuryango barenga 3,000.
Ati: “Twahisemo guhera mu ihuriro rya RPCU kuko rifite abanyamuryango benshi kandi rikorera mu gice kinini cy’akarere k’ibirunga, bityo ubutumwa bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije bukagera ku bahinzi benshi mu gihe gito.”
Ngendahayo Jean, ushinzwe ubuhinzi, ubworozi n’umutungo kamere mu Karere ka Musanze, yagaragaje ko amahugurwa nk’aya ari ingenzi mu gushyira mu bikorwa politiki za Leta zo kubungabunga ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubuhinzi bw’umwimerere.
Ati:“Guhugura abahinzi ku buhinzi bubungabunga ubutaka n’ibidukikije bifasha Leta kugera ku ntego zayo zo kurengera ibidukikije no kubona umusaruro uhagije kandi ufite ubuziranenge.”
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ibihe, Ngendahayo yasabye abahinzi kujya bitabira gahunda zo gushinganisha ubuhinzi bwabo mu bigo by’ubwishingizi.
Ati:“Mu gihe abahinzi bahuye n’ibiza nk’imvura nyinshi, imyuzure cyangwa izuba rikabije, ubwishingizi bubafasha kongera kwisuganya no gukomeza ubuhinzi batabihagaritse burundu.”
Abahinzi kandi bibukijwe akamaro ko gutera ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka (agroforestry), gukoresha ibifata ubutaka no kurwanya isuri, hagamijwe gukomeza kugumana ubutaka bufite umwimerere wabwo kandi butwarwa n’imvura.
Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ibigo byita ku buhinzi n’ibiribwa birimo FAO, IFAD na CGIAR byashyize imbere ingamba zo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe zirimo guteza imbere ubuhinzi burengera ikirere (climate-smart agriculture), kubungabunga ubutaka n’amazi, guteza imbere ifumbire kamere no guhuza ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Izi ngamba zifasha abahinzi kongera umusaruro, kwihaza mu biribwa no mu mirire myiza, kuko ibisigazwa by’imyaka n’ifumbire iva mu bworozi bifasha ubutaka kongera uburumbuke, mu gihe ubworozi nabwo bwungukira ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi.
Kubungabunga ubutaka binyuze mu buhinzi burambye bituma abahinzi babona umusaruro uhagije, bikabafasha kwihaza mu biribwa, kubona indyo yuzuye, no guteza imbere ubukungu bw’imiryango, mu gihe ibidukikije na byo birengerwa ku nyungu z’igihe kirekire.
