Umwuga w’ubuforomo n’ububyaza mu Rwanda ukomeje kwitirirwa abagore gusa!

Inkuru ya NIYOMUGABA Jean Flex

Mu Rwanda no mu karere ka Afurika y’iburasirazuba muri rusange, Umwuga w’ububyaza n’ubuforomo wagiye ufatwa nk’aho ugenewe Abagore gusa. Ubu buryo bw’iyi mitekerereze bushingiye ku muco n’ubwinshi bw’abatanga iyi serivise buracyagaragara nubwo umubare w’Abagabo binjira muri uru rwego rw’ubuvuzi ugenda wiyongera.
Abaturage benshi cyane cyane urubyiruko nti bamenya ko Abagabo n’Abagore bose bafite ubushobozi bungana mu kuba Abaforomo cyangwa Ababyaza, keretse gusa abahuye n’abo Bagabo bakora uyu mwuga ahabwa iyo Serivise.

Iyo umuntu abajijwe icyo Umuforomo cyangwa Umubyaza ari cyo, cyane cyane Urubyiruko, benshi bahita basubiza ko ari Umugore ukora mubitaro utari kurwego rwa Dogiteri. Bagira bati Umubyaza ni Umugore ufasha Abagore kubyara, Umuforomo nawe agafatwa nk’Umugore wita ku barwayi. rwose si kenshi abantu bemera ko hari Abagabo bagenda bagira uruhare rugaragara muri izi nshingano.

Bityo ugasanga hakwiye Impinduka mu Myumvire ku gitsina mu buvuzi.

Mu mateka y’u Rwanda, Abagabo nti bari bemerewe gukora Umwuga w’ububyaza,kuva mu myaka ya mbere kugera mu mwaka wa 1982, Amabwiriza ntiyemereraga Abagabo kwinjira muri uyu mwuga.
Nyuma haje, ivugururwa ry’Amategeko ryabaye icyo gihe ryahinduye byinshi, ritangira kwemera ko n’Abagabo bashobora kuba Ababyaza.

Nk’uko byatangajwe n’Inama y’Igihugu y’Abaforomo n’Ababyaza (NCNM), mu mwaka wa 2023, Abagore bagize 58% by’abakora mu by’ububyaza n’ubuforomo, naho Abagabo bagize 42%. Uyu mubare munini w’Abagabo winjiye muri uru rwego rwafatwaga nk’urw’Abagore gusa ni ikimenyetso cy’ihinduka ry’imyumvire n’ubwiyongere bw’ubwuzuzanye hagati y’Ibitsina mu mwuga w’Ubuvuzi.

Ku izina ry’umwuga nibyo koko, Abagabo bafatwa nk’Ababyaza
nubwo ijambo “midwife” risanzwe rifatwa nk’irijyanye n’abagore, ntirisobanura igitsina ku bwaryo. ryakomotse mu cyongereza cya kera aho “mid” bivuga “kumwe na” na “wif” bivuga “umugore”, bisobanura “Ufasha umugore kubyara”, aho gusobanura Igitsina cy’Umufasha.

Abagabo bakora ububyaza nabo bakunze kwitwa “Ababyaza”, hatitawe ku gitsina. Ijambo nka “umugabo-mubyaza” rimwe na rimwe rirakoreshwa mu mvugo rusange, ariko nti ryemewe cyangwa ngo rikoreshwe mu buryo bwemewe mu mvugo za Kinyamwuga cyangwa bwa Gihanga. Uyu mwuga ushingira ku Bushobozi, Impuhwe, n’Indangagaciro z’icyubahiro n’Ubuhanga, aho kwita ku gitsina cy’uwukora.

Inararibonye y’umugabo- Mubyaza
UWIZERA Christian, umubyaza ukorera ku Bitaro bya Ruli mu Karere ka Gakenke mu Intara y’Amajyaruguru avuga ko Iyo abwiye Inshuti ze ibijyanye n’umwuga akora nk’umugabo uri mu mwuga usanzwe wiharirwa n’abagore, batangira kwibaza ibibazo bitandukanye.

“Buri gihe iyo abantu bamaze kumenya ibyo nkora, bahita bambaza ibibazo byamatsiko akenshi bakumva ntari nkwiye kuwukora nkiri umusore,” agira ati. “Hari abambaza niba nshobora kurya nyuma yo gufasha umugore kubyara, cyangwa niba Kubona kenshi inzira myibarukiro bidashobora kungiraho ingaruka zishingiye ku mitekerereze”. Njye mbasubiza ko Ububyaza ari umwuga mwiza ukoranwa Umutima, Ubwitange, n’Indangagaciro zo kubaha Umwuga nkora. Nta na rimwe nibeshya ku ndangagaciro zanjye nk’umwuga kandi ko mbikora mbikunze.”

UWIZERA Christian anagaragaza uko bamwe mu barwayi babona abagabo b’abyaza.
“Abagore benshi bifuza gufashwa n’Abagabo. Iyo ubabajije impamvu bavuga ko Bababona mo abantu b’impuhwe n’ineza kuburyo Ububabare bahura na bwo Abagabo babafasha kubunyuramo neza kubera ukuntu babitaho cyane. Hari abavuga ko gufashwa n’abagore b’ababyaza baba barabaye Ababyeyi ubwabo bityo bakaba babifata nk’ibisanzwe Ahubwo bagashira imbere gutabara ubuzima bw’umwana n’umubyeyi nk’inshingano zabo, bityo bagakora ibintu nk’ibisanzwe gusa. Icyakora, buri murwayi afite uko abyumva, cyane cyane abanyamahanga bagendera ku myemerere n’umuco byabo waba Usanga na bo Bahitamo ko Byaba byiza iyo serivise bayihawe ‘abagore bagenzi babo.” Iyo serivise barayihabwa bitewe n’uko Akazi gapanzwe. birumvikana ko buri mubyeyi agira uko yakwifuza gufashwa.
Uburyo igitsina n’imyemerere bishobora gushingirwa ho mu kwakira Serivisi, usanga
nubwo hari Abarwayi bifuza kwitabwaho n’Abagore mu gihe cyo kubyara, Ibitaro nti bitanga serivisi hashingiwe ku gitsina cy’Umuforomo cyangwa Umubyaza. serivisi zo kwita ku Babyeyi zitangwa mu buryo bw’Imikoranire hagati y’Inzego zitandukanye zirimo Abaganga b’inzobere mu babyaza (abagore n’abagabo), Ababyaza, Abaforomo n’abandi bafasha.

Nta bitaro byo mu Rwanda bitanga serivisi zo Kwibaruka zishingiye ku kuba abazitanga bose ari Abagore. uramutse ushaka ko ugufasha aba ari Umugore, usabwa kubimenyesha mbere aho Uzavurirwa, ariko Nti bihabwa Icyizere cyinshi kuko biterwa n’imiterere y’Abakozi n’inshingano zihari.

Mu 2018, ubushakashatsi ku isoko ry’umurimo mu buvuzi bwerekanye ko mu Rwanda hari abaganga, Abaforomo n’Ababyaza 1.79 ku baturage 1,000. Hari icyizere ko uwo mubare uzaba 2.09 kuri 1,000 mu 2024, Nubwo umubare wabo uragenda wiyongera ubu nta mibare ifatika igaragaza ko iyo ntego yagezwe ho.

Impamvu bamwe mu babyeyi bahitamo gufashwa n’Abagore ku ruhande rumwe,
Benshi bavuga ko bumva batekanye iyo bafashwa n’abagore, cyane cyane abazi uko kubyara bimera.

Abagore b’Abaforomo cyangwa Ababyaza baba barabyaye nabo bashobora gutanga ubufasha burimo impuhwe no kumva uko ibintu bimeze neza.
Hari abagore babona ko bagenzi babo bagira uburyo burebure bwo kwakira imimerere yo kwibaruka kandi bagashyira imbere ubushake bw’umurwayi n’amahitamo ye.
Hari abumva ko abagore barushaho kumva ibibazo by’abagore bagenzi babo mu gihe cyo kubyara.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, ni ingenzi kumva ko ubushobozi, impuhwe, n’ubunyamwuga atari iby’igitsina runaka. Abagabo nabo bafite ubushobozi bungana mu gutanga serivisi zujuje ubunyamwuga n’icyubahiro.

Kwaguka kuruhare rw’Abagabo mumwuga w’Ububyaza n’Ubuforomo usanga
Kugenda kwiyongera mu Rwanda nk’ ikimenyetso cy’ihinduka ry’Imyumvire ku byerekeye Igitsina cy’ugomba gukora uwo mwuga cyane cyane mu Buvuzi. ni ibisubizo by’ivugurura ry’Amategeko n’ihinduka ry’umuco riganisha ku bumwe n’Ubunyamwuga mu Buvuzi.

Uko Abantu barushaho gusobanukirwa, niko barushaho kwemera ko Ububyaza n’Ubuforomo atari Imyuga y’Uburinganire, ahubwo ko ari Imyuga Ishingiye ku bumenyi, Impuhwe, n’Indangagaciro ndetse no Gukunda ibyo ukora. Uko imyaka ishira, ni nako Abantu bagenda bahindura Imyumvire bakareba ukuntu serivisi zitangwa aho kureba n’Uwuzitanga.