Mount Kabuye: From untamed highland to Rwanda’s emerging Eco-Tourism Gem (ETG)
Mount Kabuye, one of the highest non-volcanic peaks in Rwanda, is gaining prominence as a go-to destination for hikers and culture enthusiasts alike. Once viewed as a rugged, less-accessible terrain, the mountain is now at the heart of eco-tourism development efforts in the Northern Province, thanks to its scenic beauty, cultural heritage, and panoramic views.
On Tuesday, July 1, 2025, a community-led hiking initiative brought together Gakenke District’s Vice Mayor for Economic Development, heads of departments, members of the security forces, private sector representatives (PSF), and leaders of local institutions. With support from Beyond the Gorillas Experience, a tour company that promotes community-based tourism, participants explored Mount Kabuye on a guided hike, learning about the district’s historical landmarks such as Bagenge Rock, Huro Hot Springs, and the ancestral narratives of Mbirima and Matovu.
A Natural Wonder Reimagined for Sustainable Tourism
Straddling the sectors of Nemba, Karambo, and Kamubuga, Mount Kabuye stands tall at 2,700 meters above sea level. It ranks as Rwanda’s third-highest non-volcanic mountain, trailing only Mount Bigugu (2,880m) and Mount Muhungwe (2,950m). A 9-kilometer hike from Gakenke town to the summit offers visitors sweeping views of lush hills, neighboring districts, and iconic volcanoes—Muhabura, Gahinga, Sabyinyo, Bisoke, and Karisimbi—as well as Lakes Burera and Ruhondo.
Where Legend Meets Landscape
Beyond its geographical appeal, Mount Kabuye carries profound cultural significance. Oral traditions trace it back to Nyirarucyaba, daughter of Rwanda’s founding monarch Gihanga Ngomijana. She is said to have settled on the mountain with her herds of cattle, drawing the attention of her royal father, who later joined her. It is believed that Nyirarucyaba played a key role in restoring cattle farming in Rwanda after relocating from Nyakinama, in present-day Musanze District.
Visitors can still view Iriba rya Nyirarucyaba (Nyirarucyaba’s spring), a natural water source where she is believed to have bathed and where her cows would drink. A large cave near the summit, known locally as “The King’s House,” is said to have hosted King Gihanga during his time there.
Strategic Role in Rwanda’s Modern History
Mount Kabuye is not only steeped in ancient history—it also holds significance in Rwanda’s recent past. During the 1990s Liberation Struggle, the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA) used the mountain’s elevation for tactical surveillance over enemy positions. In 1994, and again between 1997 and 1999, the site became a stronghold for national forces fighting to repel insurgents in the Northern region.
Elevating Tourism, Empowering Communities
Today, the mountain is part of Gakenke District’s broader strategy to boost sustainable tourism and economic development. With camping facilities at the summit and locally sourced meals prepared for guests, Mount Kabuye offers a unique blend of adventure and comfort. Visitors often choose to stay overnight, enjoying the crisp mountain air and serene views that are difficult to match elsewhere in Rwanda.
Despite challenges such as infrastructure gaps and limited tourist facilities, the district and its partners are committed to enhancing the mountain’s appeal through better planning and investment. The vision is clear: to transform Mount Kabuye into a fully-fledged tourism hub that benefits local communities while preserving its natural and cultural legacy.
