Bugesera: Uko Kugarura Igishanga cya Muragogo n’Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha byahinduye imibereho y’abaturage
Inkuru ya NIYOMUGABA Jean Felix
Akarere ka Bugesera ko mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba ni kamwe mu duce tw’u Rwanda dukunze kugira ubushyuhe bwinshi no kugira ibihe by’izuba by’umurambararo. Ibi byatumaga abaturage baho bagira ibyago byo kubura umusaruro mu buhinzi, bikabashora mu kwangiza ibishanga n’ibiyaga birimo Igishanga cya Murago n’Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha.
Mu gushaka uburyo bwo guhinga no kubona amazi, abaturage bari basatiriye ibi byanya bikomye, babyuhagiramo cyangwa babihindura imirima, bigatera iyangirika rikabije ry’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.
Ibyanya nk’ibishanga n’ibiyaga bifite uruhare runini mu gufata no kubika imyuka yangiza ikirere. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cya U.S. Global Change Research Program bubigaragaza, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika honyine, ibyanya bikomye bibika toni miliyaridi 13.5 za gaze karuboni (CO₂) mu butaka butarengeje santimetero eshatu. Iyo ibi byanya byangijwe, iyo gaze isubira mu kirere ikarushaho guteza ihindagurika ry’ibihe.
Mu rwego rwo guhagarika iyo ngaruka, Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Kurengera Ibidukikije (REMA), binyuze mu mushinga wa LDCF2, cyatangiye ibikorwa byo kubungabunga no gusubiza ubuzima muri ibi byanya. Igishanga cya Murago cyaratunganyijwe, hagarurwa ibimera, haterwa ibiti, hakorwa ibikorwa by’imirwanyasuri, kandi hagarurwa ubusitani kamere bwari bwarazimiye.
Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha cyari cyaramaze kuma, ariko ibikorwa byo kucyitaho byatangiye gutanga umusaruro. Kuri ubu, cyongeye kugira amazi, bituma abaturage basubira mu bikorwa by’uburobyi bwemewe n’amategeko. Cooperative nk’Isano zafashijwe kugira ngo zongere gukora uburobyi burambye, ndetse hari n’ibikorwa byo kurwanya amarebe arya amafi bigakorwa mu buryo buhoraho.
REMA kandi yashyikirije abaturage ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kuhira imyaka hakoreshejwe imirasire y’izuba, bikaba byarifashishijwe ku butaka bwa hegitari 34. Ibi byatumye abahinzi batagitegereza imvura, ahubwo bahinga kandi bagasarura mu bihe byose, bakabasha no guhinga imyaka y’inyongera. Umusaruro wabo wiyongereye, ubuzima burushaho kuba bwiza.
Ndungutse Emmanuel, umwe mu baturage bo muri ako gace, avuga ko aya mahirwe yazamuye imibereho ye. Yagize ati: “Ubu mvuye gushaka ubwatsi bwo gusasira imyaka nahinze, ndashimira REMA yo yaduteye inkunga tuyihingamo, ikanatwigisha uko twarinda ibidukikije. Namaze kugura inka binyuze mu musaruro bampaye, kandi umurima wanjye ufite amazi yo kuwuhira.”
Akarere ka Bugesera, gafatanyije na REMA, kabashije gufasha abaturage gusobanukirwa akamaro ko kurengera ibidukikije no guhinga ku buryo buhuje ubutaka, binyuze mu makoperative. Umukozi w’Akarere ushinzwe ibidukikije n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, Emile Mukunzi, avuga ko abaturage batangiye kwibona mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga ibyo byanya, kuko byabafashije kongera umusaruro ndetse bikazamura imibereho yabo.
Aho abaturage bashyira umusaruro nk’urusenda kugira ngo ukumishwe neza hazwi nka “Drying Areas” harubatswe hagamijwe gukumira igihombo giterwa n’umusaruro wangirika kubera kubura uburyo bwo kuwukamisha neza.
Ubushakashatsi bwa UNEP bwerekana ko kurinda ibyanya bikomye bigabanya iyangirika ry’ibidukikije inshuro 55, kandi bigatanga isoko y’ubukerarugendo rishingiye ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Uko abaturage barushaho kubona inyungu zivuye mu kubungabunga ibidukikije, ni nako bafata iya mbere mu kubirengera, bakungukira kuri buri cyose gikozwe mu rwego rwo kurinda ibyanya karemano.
